Effect of qigong emanation (emitted qi) on surface structure and electrokinetic behaviour of Raji cells

The biological effects of qigong emitted qi on Raji cells, especially on the electro-kinetic behaviors of the cells were explored in this paper. The results are as follows:

1. The present paper used cell electrophoresis and enzyme treatment to study the biological effects of qigong emanation on Raji cell's surface charges and the relative groups of ionization. The electrophoretic mobilities (EPM) of Raji cells suspending in normal salines of the various pH (I=0.145N, at 25 degrees C) were observed, and pH-EPM relationship curve was plotted. We found that a basic group was dissociated at pH 10. The curve appeared a plateau in the range of pH 5.5-8.5. A weak acidic group was dissociated over a range of pH 2.5-4.5. The isoelectrophoretic point (PIE) was 3.32. The pH-EPM plot exhibited a characteristic curve of the cathodic electrophoretic mobility, while it passed through PIE and shifted to the left. This indicated that positively charged groups are present in the Raji cell surface.

When the Raji cells had been treated with NANase and RNase, their EPM decreased by 13.37% and 12.04% respectively. It was indicated that the alpha-carboxyl groups of NANA and the phosphate groups of RNA presented in the cell surface offered the negative charges for electro-kinetic plane of shear.

According to pH-EPA plot, it was inferred that there are at least four types of charged groups in the Raji cell electro-kinetic plane of shear:

a. Alpha-carboxyl groups of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) susceptible to neuramminidase (pk=2.6);

b. Ribonuclease-susceptible phosphate groups in the surface of Raji cells;

c. Basic groups of pk equal to 10;

d. Undetermined weak acidic groups of pk equal to 2.5-4.5.

2. After the Raji cells received the qigong emanation for 20 minutes, the EPM was measured at 0 hour, 8 hours respectively. The results indicated that the emanation reduced the cell surface charges. 8 hours after the emitted qi, the effect was more evident. It suggested emitted qi had 'the last continue of effect' on the Raji cell surface charges.

3. The experiment results also indicated that the effects of the emanation which were emitted by qigong master exercising the different Gongfa on the cell surface charges may be alike, such as the cell surface charges decreased by 9.94% and 8.06% respectively. It was shown that the emanation had certain inhibitory action on the Raji cells.

4. When the technique of the cell electrophoresis was used together with a biochemical method, we also found that the surface charges unchanged, showing that the acting site of emitted qi was phosphate group of RNase.