Bioelectric Medicine: Electrotherapy and Transcutaneous Electromagnetic Stimulation - Clinical and Research Challenges

Author: Casey J Steadman¹, Muhammad M Abd El Barr², Shivanand P Lad³, Parag Gad⁴, Ashraf S Gorgey⁵, Helen Hoenig⁶
Affiliation:
¹ Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University.
² Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
³ Neurosurgery, Surgical Service, Durham VA Health Care System, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center.
⁴ Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, SpineX, Inc.
⁵ Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Service, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
⁶ Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Durham VA Health Care System, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine.
Conference/Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil
Date published: 2022 Aug 12
Other: Special Notes: doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022.08.001. , Word Count: 4