Non-invasive brain stimulation as therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke: Insights into the (sub)cellular mechanisms
Author: Hannelore Kemps1, Pascal Gervois2, Bert Brône3, Robin Lemmens4, Annelies Bronckaers5
Affiliation:
1 Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt, Agoralaan Building C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Electronic address: hannelore.kemps@uhasselt.be.
2 Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt, Agoralaan Building C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Electronic address: pascal.gervois@uhasselt.be.
3 Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt, Agoralaan Building C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Electronic address: bert.brone@uhasselt.be.
4 KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: robin.lemmens@uzleuven.be.
5 Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), UHasselt, Agoralaan Building C, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Electronic address: annelies.bronckaers@uhasselt.be.
Conference/Journal: Pharmacol Ther
Date published: 2022 Feb 17
Other:
Special Notes: doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108160. , Word Count: 196
Although spontaneous recovery can occur following ischemic stroke due to endogenous neuronal reorganization and neuroplastic events, the degree of functional improvement is highly variable, causing many patients to remain permanently impaired. In the last decades, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have emerged as potential add-on interventions to the standard neurorehabilitation programs to improve post-stroke recovery. Due to their ability to modulate cortical excitability and to induce neuroreparative processes in the brain, multiple studies have assessed the safety, efficacy and (sub)cellular mechanisms of NIBS following ischemic stroke. In this review, an overview will be provided of the different NIBS techniques that are currently being investigated in (pre)clinical stroke studies. The NIBS therapies that will be discussed include transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation and extremely low frequency electromagnetic stimulation. First, an overview will be given of the cellular mechanisms induced by NIBS that are associated with enhanced stroke outcome in preclinical models. Furthermore, the current knowledge on safety and efficacy of these NIBS techniques in stroke patients will be reviewed.
Keywords: (Sub)cellular mechanisms; Clinical trials; Extremely low frequency electromagnetic stimulation; Ischemic stroke; Transcranial direct current stimulation; Transcranial magnetic stimulation.
PMID: 35183592 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108160
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