Effect of 24-week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults.
Author: Pirauá ALT1,2, Cavalcante BR3, de Oliveira VMA3, Beltrão NB1, de Amorim Batista G3, Pitangui ACR4, Behm D5, de Araújo RC3,4
Affiliation:
1Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
2Physical Education Post - Graduation Program UFPE, Recife, Brazil.
3Associated Graduate Program in Physical Education UPE/UFPB, João Pessoa, Brazil.
4Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil.
5School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada.
Conference/Journal: Scand J Med Sci Sports.
Date published: 2019 Nov
Other:
Volume ID: 29 , Issue ID: 11 , Pages: 1805-1812 , Special Notes: doi: 10.1111/sms.13510. Epub 2019 Jul 26. , Word Count: 251
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of strength training on stable (ST) and unstable surfaces (UST) on the functional mobility, balance, and concern about falling in healthy older adults, younger than 70.
DESIGN: A single-center randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-four older adults (58 females and 6 males; 68 years) were randomized into control, ST, or UST groups.
INTERVENTIONS: Both ST and UST intervention groups received a core muscle, upper, and lower limb moderate-intensity strength exercises using stable and unstable surfaces. The classes were performed three times per week over a 24-week period. The control group did not receive any type of active intervention.
MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome measures were the dynamic balance (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)) and functional mobility (timed up and go (TUG) test). The secondary outcomes included the sitting and rising test (SRT) and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FESI) scores.
RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in balance performance (BBS = +4 points) after 24 weeks of both ST (+1.22; 95% CI, -0.19 to 2.63) and UST (+2.26; 95% CI, 0.83-3.70) compared with the control group. Additionally, compared with the control, only UST experienced functional mobility gains (TUG = -2.44; 95% CI, -4.41 to -0.48; SRT = +1.12; 95% CI, 0.08-2.17) and decreased concern about falling (FESI = -4.41; 95% CI, -9.30 to -0.27).
CONCLUSION: Long-term ST with and without unstable devices was effective to improve dynamic balance in older adults. Furthermore, the effects of UST were extended to functional mobility gains and reduced concern about falling.
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
KEYWORDS: exercise; instability; resistance training
PMID: 31273863 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13510
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