Author: de Jong M1,2,3,4, Peeters F3, Gard T5,6,7, Ashih H2, Doorley J2, Walker R2, Rhoades L8, Kulich RJ9, Kueppenbender KD9, Alpert JE2, Hoge EA10, Britton WB11, Lazar SW6, Fava M2, Mischoulon D2
Affiliation:
1Mondriaan, Institute of Mental Health, PsyQ Department of Mood Disorders, Oranjeplein 10, 6224 KD Maastricht, the Netherlands. marasha.dejong@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
2Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
3Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
4PsyQ Department of Mood Disorders, Mondriaan, Institute of Mental Health, Maastricht, the Netherlands .
5Institute for Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland.
6Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.
7Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
8Private practice, LaurieRhoadesTherapy.com.
9Center for Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
10Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
11Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Conference/Journal: J Clin Psychiatry.
Date published: 2017 Feb 28
Other:
Special Notes: doi: 10.4088/JCP.15m10160. [Epub ahead of print] , Word Count: 281
OBJECTIVE: Chronic pain is a disabling illness, often comorbid with depression. We performed a randomized controlled pilot study on mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) targeting depression in a chronic pain population.
METHOD: Participants with chronic pain lasting ≥ 3 months; DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymic disorder, or depressive disorder not otherwise specified; and a 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Clinician Rated (QIDS-C₁₆) score ≥ 6 were randomly assigned to MBCT (n = 26) or waitlist (n = 14). We adapted the original MBCT intervention for depression relapse prevention by modifying the psychoeducation and cognitive-behavioral therapy elements to an actively depressed chronic pain population. We analyzed an intent-to-treat (ITT) and a per-protocol sample; the per-protocol sample included participants in the MBCT group who completed at least 4 of 8 sessions. Changes in scores on the QIDS-C₁₆ and 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Sale (HDRS₁₇) were the primary outcome measures. Pain, quality of life, and anxiety were secondary outcome measures. Data collection took place between January 2012 and July 2013.
RESULTS: Nineteen participants (73%) completed the MBCT program. No significant adverse events were reported in either treatment group. ITT analysis (n = 40) revealed no significant differences. Repeated-measures analyses of variance for the per-protocol sample (n = 33) revealed a significant treatment × time interaction (F₁,₃₁ = 4.67, P = .039, η²p = 0.13) for QIDS-C₁₆ score, driven by a significant decrease in the MBCT group (t₁₈ = 5.15, P < .001, d = >1.6), but not in the control group (t₁₃ = 2.01, P = .066). The HDRS₁₇ scores did not differ significantly between groups. The study ended before the projected sample size was obtained, which might have prevented effect detection in some outcome measures.
CONCLUSIONS: MBCT shows potential as a treatment for depression in individuals with chronic pain, but larger controlled trials are needed.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01473615.
PMID: 28252881 DOI: 10.4088/JCP.15m10160
