Advances in noninvasive functional imaging of bone.
Author: Lan SM1, Wu YN2, Wu PC2, Sun CK3, Shieh DB4, Lin RM5.
Affiliation:
1Department of Orthopaedics, National Cheng Kung University Medical Center Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan. 2Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701, Taiwan. 3Molecular Imaging Center, Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. 4Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701, Taiwan; Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address: dshieh@mail.ncku.edu.tw. 5Department of Orthopaedics, National Cheng Kung University Medical Center Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Division of Spinal Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address: linrm@mail.ncku.edu.tw.
Conference/Journal: Acad Radiol.
Date published: 2014 Feb
Other:
Volume ID: 21 , Issue ID: 2 , Pages: 281-301 , Special Notes: doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2013.11.016 , Word Count: 194
The demand for functional imaging in clinical medicine is comprehensive. Although the gold standard for the functional imaging of human bones in clinical settings is still radionuclide-based imaging modalities, nonionizing noninvasive imaging technology in small animals has greatly advanced in recent decades, especially the diffuse optical imaging to which Britton Chance made tremendous contributions. The evolution of imaging probes, instruments, and computation has facilitated exploration in the complicated biomedical research field by allowing longitudinal observation of molecular events in live cells and animals. These research-imaging tools are being used for clinical applications in various specialties, such as oncology, neuroscience, and dermatology. The Bone, a deeply located mineralized tissue, presents a challenge for noninvasive functional imaging in humans. Using nanoparticles (NP) with multiple favorable properties as bioimaging probes has provided orthopedics an opportunity to benefit from these noninvasive bone-imaging techniques. This review highlights the historical evolution of radionuclide-based imaging, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, diffuse optics-enabled in vivo technologies, vibrational spectroscopic imaging, and a greater potential for using NPs for biomedical imaging.
Copyright © 2014 AUR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Bone, diffuse optics, functional imaging, molecular imaging, nanoparticles
PMID: 24439341
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