Author: Hoke M1, Omar NB2, Amburgy JW1, Self DM3, Schnell A4, Morgan S4, Larios EA1, Chambers MR1
Affiliation: <sup>1</sup>Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
<sup>2</sup>Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States. Electronic address: nidalomar@uabmc.edu.
<sup>3</sup>School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
<sup>4</sup>Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Conference/Journal: J Clin Neurosci.
Date published: 2020 Apr 15
Other:
Pages: S0967-5868(20)30181-8 , Special Notes: doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.04.040. [Epub ahead of print] , Word Count: 218
Osteoporosis is the most prevalent bone disease worldwide and predisposes affected individuals to fragility fractures. Exercise has been shown to have multiple health benefits in post-menopausal osteoporotic women, but often recommendations regarding the benefits of specific exercise types are vague. Improving bone mineral density (BMD) is an essential component in any program to prevent osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The objective of this report is to briefly review the current understanding on the impact of exercise on BMD in postmenopausal women as it pertains to fragility fractures. Broad categories of exercises include aerobic, resistance, stretching, and balance. Tai Chi, Yoga, and Pilates are a heterogeneous group of specific exercise modalities that can span multiple categories. Current literature suggests that only resistance type exercises have a convincing impact on BMD. Core-strengthening exercises and attention to posture/balance can help mitigate falls. A number of barriers affect patient compliance and accessibility to exercise. In summary, exercise should be included in any multi-modality osteoporosis treatment plan with the goal of sustained exercise throughout life. If possible, osteoporotic women should be on a resistance-based regimen incorporating weight-bearing exercises, and also target posture and balance. Healthcare providers and educators should have resources readily available for patients.
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS: Bone mineral density; Exercise; Osteoporosis; Post-menopausal; Vertebral fracture
PMID: 32305276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.04.040