The exploration of meditation in the neuroscience of attention and consciousness Author: Raffone A, Srinivasan N. Affiliation: Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, antonino.raffone@ uniroma1. it. Conference/Journal: Cogn Process Date published: 2010 Other: Volume ID: 11 , Issue ID: 1 , Pages: 1-7 , Word Count: 102 Many recent behavioral and neuroscientific studies have revealed the importance of investigating meditation states and traits to achieve an increased understanding of cognitive and affective neuroplasticity, attention and self-awareness, as well as for their increasingly recognized clinical relevance. The investigation of states and traits related to meditation has especially pronounced implications for the neuroscience of attention, consciousness, self-awareness, empathy and theory of mind. In this article we present the main features of meditation-based mental training and characterize the current scientific approach to meditation states and traits with special reference to attention and consciousness, in light of the articles contributed to this issue.