Tai Chi practice enables prefrontal cortex bilateral activation and gait performance prioritization during dual-task negotiating obstacle in older adults


Author: Yan Chen1,2, Aiying Wan1, Min Mao3, Wei Sun1, Qipeng Song1, Dewei Mao1,2

Affiliation: <sup>1</sup> College of Sport and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan, Shandong, China.

<sup>2</sup> School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

<sup>3</sup> School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Conference/Journal: Front Aging Neurosci
Date published: 2022 Nov 18
Other:
 Volume ID: 14   ,  Pages: 1000427   ,  Special Notes: doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1000427.   ,  Word Count: 283  
    Background:

With aging, the cognitive function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) declined, postural control weakened, and fall risk increased. As a mind-body exercise, regular Tai Chi practice could improve postural control and effectively prevent falls; however, underlying brain mechanisms remained unclear, which were shed light on by analyzing the effect of Tai Chi on the PFC in older adults by means of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).



Methods:

36 healthy older adults without Tai Chi experience were divided randomly into Tai Chi group and Control group. The experiment was conducted four times per week for 16 weeks; 27 participants remained and completed the experiment. Negotiating obstacle task (NOT) and negotiating obstacle with cognitive task (NOCT) were performed pre- and post-intervention, and Brodmann area 10 (BA10) was detected using fNIRS for hemodynamic response. A three-dimensional motion capture system measured walking speed.



Results:

After intervention in the Tai Chi group under NOCT, the HbO2 concentration change value (ΔHbO2) in BA10 was significantly greater (right BA10: p = 0.002, left BA10: p = 0.001), walking speed was significantly faster (p = 0.040), and dual-task cost was significantly lower than pre-intervention (p = 0.047). ΔHbO2 in BA10 under NOCT was negatively correlated with dual-task cost (right BA10: r = -0.443, p = 0.021, left BA10: r = -0.448, p = 0.019). There were strong negative correlations between ΔHbO2 and ΔHbR under NOCT either pre-intervention (left PFC r = -0.841, p < 0.001; right PFC r = -0.795, p < 0.001) or post-intervention (left PFC r = -0.842, p < 0.001; right PFC r = -0.744, p < 0.001).



Conclusion:

Tai Chi practice might increase the cognitive resources in older adults through the PFC bilateral activation to prioritize gait performance during negotiating obstacles under a dual-task condition.



Keywords: Tai Chi; dual-task; functional near-infrared spectroscopy; negotiating obstacle; older adult; prefrontal cortex.



PMID: 36466597 PMCID: PMC9716214 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1000427